The Salaf, the pious early Muslims, condemned Ilmul Kalam (speculative theology) as a heretical innovation (bid’ah) that strays from the

What is Ilm-ul-Kalam? Ilm-ul-Kalam (Arabic: علم الكلام‎‎) or Ilm-al-Kalam is the Islamic science of theology or creed (aqeedah) that involves